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Thrust needle rollers, cage assemblies and washers are important components of thrust bearings.

Thrust roller：

Structural features：It is composed of many slender needle rollers, which are usually cylindrical in shape and have a larger ratio of length to diameter.

Working principle：When a thrust bearing is subjected to an axial load, the needle roller rolls between two relatively moving surfaces, reducing frictional resistance and energy loss through rolling friction, enabling the bearing to withstand and transmit axial forces relatively smoothly.

Effect：Due to the shape and arrangement of the needle rollers, the thrust needle roller bearing has a high bearing capacity and rigidity when bearing axial loads, and can withstand large axial pressures. At the same time, the rolling of the needle rollers also makes the bearing work with a lower coefficient of friction, which helps to reduce energy consumption and heat generation, and improve the efficiency and service life of the bearing.

Cage assembly：

Structural features：The cage is usually made of metal or plastic, and its shape and structure are designed to evenly divide and fix the needle rollers in a certain position. The cage usually has holes or slots corresponding to the number and position of the needle rollers, so that the needle rollers can be accurately installed and positioned.

Working principle：During the working process of the thrust bearing, the cage moves together with the needle roller. Its main function is to prevent the needle rollers from colliding, squeezing or skew each other during the movement, and to ensure that the needle rollers can roll stably according to the predetermined trajectory. The cage can also guide the rolling direction of the needle rollers, so that the needle rollers can evenly share the pressure when bearing axial loads, improving the bearing capacity and stability.

Effect：The cage assembly is essential for the normal operation of the thrust needle roller bearing. It can not only ensure the orderly arrangement and stable rolling of the needle rollers, improve the working efficiency and reliability of the bearing, but also reduce the friction and wear between the needle rollers and prolong the service life of the bearing. In addition, the design and material selection of the cage will also affect the performance of the bearing. For example, some high-performance cage materials can reduce the friction coefficient of the bearing and improve the high temperature resistance.

Gasket：

Structural features：A gasket is usually a flat, circular part whose shape and size depend on the specific design and installation requirements of the thrust bearing. The surface of the gasket is usually relatively flat and smooth to provide a good contact and support surface.

Working principle：The gasket mainly plays a supporting and positioning role in the thrust bearing. It is installed between the thrust needle roller and cage assembly and other adjacent components, providing a stable installation foundation and support surface for the needle roller and cage assembly, and also helping to determine the position of the bearing in the axial direction, preventing the bearing from axial movement or displacement during operation.

Effect：The quality and accuracy of the gasket have an important impact on the performance and service life of the thrust bearing. A suitable gasket can ensure that the bearing has the correct axial clearance and pre-tightening force after installation, ensuring that the bearing can operate in good working condition. In addition, the gasket can also withstand a certain axial load, share part of the pressure from the needle roller and cage assembly, and play a role in protecting other parts of the bearing.

In practical applications, thrust needle rollers, cage assemblies and washers are usually used in conjunction with each other, which together form a complete thrust bearing system to meet the needs of various mechanical equipment in terms of bearing axial loads. Different types and specifications of thrust bearings may vary in the specific design and material selection of these components to adapt to different working conditions and performance requirements.